[From Manx Soc vol 2, Kelly's Manx Grammar]

CHAPTER XIV.

OF THE ADVERB.

Some Adverbs are expressed in one word, as nish, now, eisht, then; some consist of a preposition and a noun, as dy-mie, well, er-y-gherrit, lately; and all nouns adjective may be made adverbs by prefixing the articles dy and er--as er-cooyl, behind, er-chea, in flight, dy olk, ill, dy bieau, quickly, &c., &c. Also, when the particle er is put before substantives it sometimes answers the English word for, as er-phing, for a penny; and sometimes changes them into adverbs, as er-aggle, lest, er-niart, forcibly. Adverbs are of several sorts.

1.--ADVERBS OF TIME.

Nish, now.

Kinjagh, always.

Chelleeragh, immediately, presently.

Dy bragh, for ever.

Er-y-chooyl, in a moment, directly.

Mennick, often.

An-vennick, seldom.

Jiu, to-day.

Jus nish, bye-and-bye, just now.

Jea, yesterday.

Roish, before.

Arroo-y-jea, or cha row eh jea, the day before yesterday.

Er-y-gherrit, lately.

Vaidjyn, a while ago

Noght, to-night.

Tammylt, a while.

Riyr, last night.

Er-dy-henney, since.

Arroo-y-riyr, or cha row eh riyr, the night before last night.

Lurg, after.

Lurg shoh, hereafter.

Moghrey jea, yesterday morn.

Jeih shoh, henceforth.

Mairagh, to-morrow.

Veih shoh, hence.

Nuyr, the day after to-morrow.

Roïe, before, or formerly.

Cuin, when.

Foddey, far.

Keayrt elley, another time.

Foddey er-dy-henney, long since, anciently.

Dy beayn, perpetually.

Ayns-polt, in a second, instant.

Dy bragh, eternally.

Dy bragh as dy bragh, for ever and ever.

Dagh-laa, daily.

Choud, while.

Nish as reesht, now and then.

Cre choud, how long.

Eisht, then.

'Sy traa t'ayn, in the meanwhile.

Er-dy, since.

Foast, yet.

Er-giyn, after

Anmagh, late.

Erreish, after

Ro-anmagh, too late.

Keayrt dy row, once upon a time.

Dy-traa, betimes.

Keayrt ny ghaa, many a time.

Moghey, early.

Tra, when.

Leah, early, soon.

Arragh, any more.

Ro-voghey, too early.

Rieau, ever. (Past.)

Ro-leah, too soon.

Rieau er-dy-henney, ever since.

Reesht, again.

Fy-yerrey, at last.

Ass-y-noa, again, of a new.

Choiee, never.

2.-- ADVERBS OF PLACE.

Shoh, here.

Seose, up.

Shen, there.

Erskyn, above, over.

Shid, yonder.

Heese, below.

Va shid! lo yonder!

Sheese, down.

Myr shoh, this way.

Neese, from below.

Cheu-sthie, within.

Harrish, over.

Cheu-mooie, without.

Harrish y road, opposite, over, against.

C'raad, where.

Fo, under.

Neose seose, up and down.

Roish, before.

Raad ennagh, somewhere.

Cheu chooyl, or cooyl, behind.

Ooilley mygeayrt, round about.

Er-cooyl, or er-gooyl, behind, last.

Runt snygeayrt, round about.

Cheu-wass, or veealloo, before.

Heose, up, above.

Cre-voish, or veih, from whence.

Neose, down.

Veih shoh, from hence.

Veih shid, from thence.

Neealloo, towards the surface or face--as Myr urley neealloo yn aer, as an eagle towards heaven.

Faggys, er-garrey, near, hard by.

Foddey, far.

Veih foddey, from far.

Foddey jeh, far off.

Er-jerrey, behind.

Mooie, without, and magh.

Lurg, after.

Sthie, within, and stiagh.

3.--ADVERBS OF QUANTITY.

Cre-woad, how much, how many.

Cre wheesh, how much.

Dy-liooar, enough.

Ro, too much (used in composition)

Rour, too much, too many.

Faggys, almost.

Lane, much, many, a great deal, plenty.

Feer faggys, very near.

Ymmodee, much, many, a great deal, plenty.

Dy peeshyn, by pieces.

Palchey, much, many, a great deal, plenty.

Dy slane, wholly, entirely.

Ny smoo, more.

Whilleen, so many.

Ny sloo, less.

Shisnsney, many.

Beggan, little.

S'coan, scarce.

Beggan beg, very little.

Bunnys, almost.

Wheesh, so much.

Monney, much.

4.--ADVERBS OF NUMBER.

Whilleen keayrt, so many times.

Cre-woad keayrt, how many times.

Un cheayrt, once, daa cheayrt, &c.

Keayrt ny ghaa, many times.

Shimmey keayrt, many a time.

5.--ADVERBS OF ORDER.

Hoshiaght, first.

Ayns ordyr, in order.

Reesht, again.

Ayns fockle, in a word.

'Sy nah ynnyd, secondly.

Lhiattee ry lhiattee, side by side.

Erskyn ooilley, above all.

Cooidjagh, together.

Lurg ooilley, after all.

Lurg y cheilley, one after another

Ooilley dy lieragh, altogether, in order.

Ry cheilley, to one another.

Dy cheilley, together.

6.--ADVERBS OF AFFIRMATION.

Ta, yes, aye.

Myr shen, so, thus.

Lioar ta, yes indeed (by the book it is).

Myr shen dy row, amen, so be it.

Dy jarroo, indeed.

Dy shickyr, indeed, surely.

Gyss-dooyt, undoubtedly.

Dy feer, in truth.

She, yes.

7.--ADVERBS OF NEGATION, OR DENIAL.

Ny, not, nor.

Cha, not.

Nagh, not, nor.

S'cummey, no matter.

Nar, not, nor.

8.--ADVERBS OF DOUBT.

Foddee, perhaps.

Foast, yet, nevertheless.

Foddee y ve, it may be.

Ny-yeih, yet, nevertheless, however.

Feer filly, very likely.

Er-aggle, lest.

Agh, but.

Trooid taghyrt, accidentally.

My ta, though, however.

9.--ADVERBS OF INTERROGATION.

An, whether.

Cre veih, whence.

Cre'n-fa, why, wherefore.

Kys, how.

Cre'n-fa nagh, why not.

Cre'n oyr, wherefore.

Quoi, who.

Cre-theihll, what in the world, whatsoever.

Cre, what.

Cre'd, for cre red, what.

Cre woad, how many.

Cammah, why.

Cre-woad share, what better.

Caid, how long.

C'raad, where.

Cre choud, how far.

10.--ADVERBS TO GIVE REASON.

Er-y-fa, er-yn-oyr, er-y-choontey, son-y-fa, shen-y-fa, because

11--ADVERBS OF COMPARISON.

Myr, as, like.

Smoo, more.

Myr shoh, thus.

Sloo, less.

Myrgeddin, likewise,

Na, than.

Myrchaagh, in like manner.

Ass-towse, exceedingly.

Cha, equally--as cha mie rishyn, as good as he.

12.--ADVERBS OF SHEWING.

Cur-my-ner! behold!

Va shid! or vaik shid! see yonder!

Jeeagh! lo!

Va shoh! see here!

13.--ADVERBS OF CONFUSION.

Bun-ry-skyn, topsy-survey.

Fud-y-cheilley, in confusion.

Er mooin-y-cheilley, pell-mell.

Er-shaghryn, astray.

14.--ADVERBS OF SEPARATION.

Veih-my-cheilley, asunder.

Er-sooyl, away.

Ry-lhiattee, aside.

15.--ADVERBS OF QUALITY.

Adverbs of quality are made of adjectives and participles, by putting the preposition dy, of, before them in apposition, as--

Dy mie, well.

Dy olk, badly.

Dy creeney, wisely.

Dy liastey, idly.

Dy bwaagh, prettily.

Dy mitchooragh, roguishly.

And the like.


 

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